Chapter 4: Indian Stock Exchanges
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Day 28: BSE — Purana Dalaal Street
1875 se shuru hua India ka sabse purana exchange!
3 min read
📖 Bargad Ke Ped Ki Kahani
1875. Mumbai. Dalal Street pe ek bargad ka ped tha. Usi ped ke neeche stockbrokers khade hote aur shares buy-sell karte the. Literally! Street pe! 🌳
Koi building nahi, koi computer nahi, koi app nahi — bas 22 brokers aur ek ped.
Aaj woh 22 log waali meeting India ki sabse badi stock exchange ban gayi: BSE — Bombay Stock Exchange. 🏛️
1875. Mumbai. Dalal Street pe ek bargad ka ped tha. Usi ped ke neeche stockbrokers khade hote aur shares buy-sell karte the. Literally! Street pe! 🌳
Koi building nahi, koi computer nahi, koi app nahi — bas 22 brokers aur ek ped.
Aaj woh 22 log waali meeting India ki sabse badi stock exchange ban gayi: BSE — Bombay Stock Exchange. 🏛️
BSE Ke Baare Mein Amazing Facts
1875
Founded — Asia ki oldest!
5,000+
Listed Companies
₹300L+
Crore Market Cap
SENSEX
BSE ka index — 30 stocks
SENSEX Kya Hai?
SENSEX = Sensitive Index = BSE ka main barometer
30 India ki largest, most liquid, financially sound companies ka index hai.
Inka combined performance = SENSEX value.
Examples in SENSEX: Reliance, TCS, HDFC Bank, Infosys, ICICI Bank, Bajaj Finance, L&T, Asian Paints, Wipro, ITC, Kotak Mahindra...
SENSEX ₹100 se 1979 mein shuru hua. Aaj 80,000+ hai. 800x in 45 years! 🚀
30 India ki largest, most liquid, financially sound companies ka index hai.
Inka combined performance = SENSEX value.
Examples in SENSEX: Reliance, TCS, HDFC Bank, Infosys, ICICI Bank, Bajaj Finance, L&T, Asian Paints, Wipro, ITC, Kotak Mahindra...
SENSEX ₹100 se 1979 mein shuru hua. Aaj 80,000+ hai. 800x in 45 years! 🚀
SENSEX Calculation — Free Float Market Cap
SENSEX = (Sum of Free Float Market Cap of 30 stocks / Base Market Cap) × 100
Free Float = Sirf woh shares jo public ke paas hain (promoter wale nahi).
Example: Reliance ka 50% promoters ke paas hai → sirf 50% public shares count hote hain!
Base year: 1978-79. Base value: ₹2501.24 crore.
Free Float = Sirf woh shares jo public ke paas hain (promoter wale nahi).
Example: Reliance ka 50% promoters ke paas hai → sirf 50% public shares count hote hain!
Base year: 1978-79. Base value: ₹2501.24 crore.
BSE Ka Address
🏛️ Phiroze Jeejeebhoy Towers
Dalal Street, Fort, Mumbai 400001
🕙 Trading Hours: 9:15 AM – 3:30 PM
📅 Mon–Fri only
🎯 T+1 Settlement
BSE Ke Milestones
| Year | What Happened |
|---|---|
| 1875 | 22 brokers + 1 bargad ka ped = BSE shuru |
| 1986 | SENSEX launch — India ka first stock index! |
| 1992 | Harshad Mehta scam — ₹5,000 crore fraud ka pehla bada jhatka |
| 1995 | Online trading shuru — ped se computer tak ka safar! |
| 2001 | SENSEX 3,000 ke neeche gira — dot-com crash |
| 2008 | SENSEX 21,000 → 8,000 — global financial crisis |
| 2020 | COVID crash — 38,000 se 25,000 in 40 days |
| 2024 | SENSEX 80,000+ cross kiya — historic high! 🎉 |
🎉 Harshad Mehta Ka Lesson!
1992 mein Harshad Mehta ne bank receipts ka fraud karke SENSEX ko artificially pump kiya. 4,500 se 4,500% upar le gaya shares ko. Phir scam expose hua — market crash, Harshad arrested. India ki biggest financial scandal — "The Big Bull" ki kahani! Market regulation ke liye yahi wajah thi ki SEBI powerful bana.
1992 mein Harshad Mehta ne bank receipts ka fraud karke SENSEX ko artificially pump kiya. 4,500 se 4,500% upar le gaya shares ko. Phir scam expose hua — market crash, Harshad arrested. India ki biggest financial scandal — "The Big Bull" ki kahani! Market regulation ke liye yahi wajah thi ki SEBI powerful bana.
🎯 Takeaway:
BSE = Asia's oldest stock exchange, 1875 se. SENSEX = BSE ka 30-stock index, India ka health barometer. Market news mein "SENSEX 500 points upar/neeche" sunoge toh samajh lo BSE ke 30 bade stocks kaise gaye. Kal — NSE aur Nifty 50 ki modern kahani!
BSE = Asia's oldest stock exchange, 1875 se. SENSEX = BSE ka 30-stock index, India ka health barometer. Market news mein "SENSEX 500 points upar/neeche" sunoge toh samajh lo BSE ke 30 bade stocks kaise gaye. Kal — NSE aur Nifty 50 ki modern kahani!